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I like seeing people get enthusiastic about their first taste of VR. The sooner more people experience the transformative power of VR, the higher. But if the high-powered, desktop headsets which might be coming next yr are the fundamental course for virtual reality, then viewing 360-degree video using Google Cardboard is an amuse-bouche at best. It’s a good first taste, but 360 video is as removed from real VR as seeing the Grand Canyon through a Viewmaster is from standing at the sting of the canyon’s South Rim.
With technology as potentially polarizing as VR, I worry that the slightest hiccup may have a negative impact on people’s perception—and adoption—of that tech. And The New York Times giving thousands and thousands of individuals access to the limited VR experience of Google Cardboard and 360 video could prove to be a surprising setback for the brand new technology. Because VR is tightly integrated along with your sense of vision, bad experiences have an actual, physical impact on users. Unlike an internet page, where breaking design rules leads to long load times or a page that’s difficult to navigate, breaking the principles in VR can induce nausea and even vomiting. And when bad design could make users physically unwell, it’s lower than an inconvenience—it’s a threat to the expansion of VR itself.
The Golden Rule of VR
At the bottom level, VR uses an array of sensors to exactly track the movement of your head. The computer then perfectly maps your head’s real-world movement onto your view of a virtual world. If you switch your head to the left in the true world, the pc exactly mimics your movement within the rendered world. When executed perfectly, VR tricks your brain into considering that what you see is real, on each a conscious and subconscious level.
It sounds easy, but perfecting the execution has prove difficult. Most persons are highly sensitive to the slightest dissonance between the movement detected by their inner ear and the motion that they see with their eyes. The human brain is sensitive below the extent of conscious perception. If your VR game or application consistently shows frames of animation which might be off by a number of milliseconds, many individuals will feel unwell effects.
The excellent news is the high-end headsets have solved the motion sickness problem for most individuals. I’ve used the most recent headsets from HTC/Valve and Oculus for hours at a time with no unwell effects. In recent weeks, I’ve put 75 people through a 15-minute sequence of demos within the Vive, with just one report of minor discomfort. The high-end headsets can track your head’s orientation and position in space and their displays give the software precise control over the timing for display of individual frames. You only see each frame of animation when the image it comprises accurately reflects your head’s position. Unfortunately, phone-based headsets, including the Google Cardboard, lack these refinements, not less than for now. They can only track your head’s orientation, not its position, and most lack nice control over display timing.
And even the perfect hardware on the earth can’t help your users in case you break the cardinal rule of VR development: Never, ever take control of the camera away from the viewer. Change someone’s viewpoint without them moving their head is a recipe for immediate, intense motion sickness.
The Problem with 360 Video
The bad news for applications just like the NYT VR application and 360 video as a complete is that it’s unattainable to avoid breaking this rule with 360 video. 360 video is inherently limited, and its problems are exacerbated by the opposite limitations of phone-based platforms like Cardboard. But even on more capable desktop platforms, which support higher frame rates and positional tracking, you won’t give you the option to stand up and walk around in a 360 video. The cameras just can’t capture the info required to permit that.
Even if the director of a 360 film avoids doing something inexcusable like moving the camera, the slight lateral movements that occur if you move your head to go searching may be enough to trigger motion sickness. Even in the event that they were tracked by Cardboard, which they aren’t, 360 video cameras can’t capture the info obligatory to point out you multiple perspective at a time. While the technology can handle some slight head movements, many individuals will still feel motion sick in the event that they spend an excessive amount of time within the headset. With VR-induced motion sickness, the effect starts subtle, but is cumulative. What begins as slight discomfort or perhaps a feeling of unease will progress into full-blown nausea. It isn’t something that you may push through or turn into acclimated to–once it starts, your discomfort won’t end until you remove the headset.
How long is just too long for 360 video? In my informal tests, between 10 and 20 minutes, depending on the person’s reported sensitivity to motion sickness. This jibes nicely with the Times’ report that the typical user spends 14 minutes and 27 seconds within the NYT VR app. That feels like an enormous success, especially compared to metrics for web pages and traditional apps, where average sessions are measured in seconds. When you compare it to that other tool that individuals use to devour video content, the tv, it’s laughable. Even within the era of the cord-cutter, the typical American watches 2.5 hours of TV each day
Good, Fast, or Easy: Pick Two
In the short term, 360 video offers a comparatively low-cost bridge to the brand new medium. It’s fast. You can draft off of the various existing player infrastructures and creating 360 video adds just a number of steps to the present toolchain for video production. It’s easy. Because you possibly can swipe your finger on the screen to explore a 360 video, your potential audience isn’t limited to owners of VR goggles.
It isn’t really good, though. This is just the most recent example of content creators shoehorning old formats into recent technologies. Like magazines and encyclopedias delivered on CD-ROM or mobile apps that were nothing greater than wrappers for web sites, 360 video ultimately might be supplanted by native VR content that embraces the medium and delivers recent experiences unattainable to recreate outside of VR. And they won’t make you’re feeling such as you’re going to throw up.
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